Egypt’s exports surged by 18% between January and November 2025, reaching over $44 billion, driven by construction materials, chemicals, and food processing. This growth was accompanied by a significant reduction in the trade deficit, despite a slight increase in imports.

An 18% Export Target in 2025

According to data from the General Authority for Export and Import Control, the value of Egyptian exports reached $44.392 billion between January and November 2025, compared to $37.544 billion during the same period in 2024, representing an 18% increase. Imports also rose by 4%, from $71.965 billion to $74.738 billion, contributing to an improved trade balance.

This momentum led to a 12% reduction in the trade deficit, which fell to $30,346 billion from $34,421 billion a year earlier. This result comes amid public policies aimed at boosting exports and streamlining imports.

Sectors driving growth

Export growth was largely driven by the construction materials sector, whose foreign sales reached $13.672 billion, up 39% year-on-year. Chemicals and fertilizers accounted for $8.560 trillion in exports, representing 8% growth compared to 2024.

The food industry generated $6.350 trillion in exports, up 13%, while engineering and electronic goods reached $5.919 trillion, a 14% increase. The apparel sector also posted a notable performance, with exports reaching $3.96 billion, a 21% increase.

The United Arab Emirates, the leading market

The United Arab Emirates became the top destination market for Egyptian non-oil exports in the first eleven months of 2025, reaching $6.58 billion, compared to $2.845 billion a year earlier, representing a dramatic 131% increase. Turkey ranked second with $2.949 billion, a slight increase of 1% compared to 2024.

Saudi Arabia, the third-largest trading partner, saw its imports from Egypt decline by 11%, to $2.755 billion from $3.104 billion the previous year. Italy ranks fourth with $2.552 trillion (up 29%), followed by the United States with $2.470 trillion, representing a 21% year-on-year increase.

A strategy to boost foreign trade

The Egyptian government aims to position the country among the top 50 in the world according to international trade indicators, with a medium-term export target of $145 billion. To achieve this, the authorities are implementing streamlined procedures, digitalization, and better utilization of existing trade agreements.

Cairo is also seeking to protect domestic industry while respecting its international commitments, particularly regarding competition and trade. This strategy is part of a broader vision to transform Egypt into a regional industrial and logistics hub, especially in the engineering and manufacturing sectors.

Economic Challenges and Outlook

The rise in exports contributes to improved foreign exchange earnings, a critical issue for an economy facing pressure on its currency and a high level of external debt. It also strengthens the country’s capacity to finance its infrastructure programs and structural reforms.

In the medium term, the continuation of this momentum depends on market diversification, product upgrading, and improved logistical competitiveness. The performance already achieved in engineering, agri-food, and textiles suggests potential for consolidation if reforms are maintained and the regional context remains relatively stable.