{"id":84615,"date":"2024-11-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.capmad.com\/senegal-ue-suspension-des-accords-de-peche\/"},"modified":"2024-11-29T15:00:37","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T12:00:37","slug":"senegal-ue-suspension-des-accords-de-peche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.capmad.com\/fr\/agribusiness-fr\/senegal-ue-suspension-des-accords-de-peche\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9n\u00e9gal – UE : Suspension des accords de p\u00eache"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le protocole de p\u00eache durable entre le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE), conclu pour cinq ans en 2019, prend fin le 17 novembre 2024. L\u2019UE d\u00e9cide de ne pas reconduire cet accord. Cette d\u00e9cision r\u00e9sulte de pr\u00e9occupations li\u00e9es \u00e0 la p\u00eache illicite, non d\u00e9clar\u00e9e et non r\u00e9glement\u00e9e (INN), une probl\u00e9matique mondiale impactant la durabilit\u00e9 des ressources halieutiques.<\/b><\/p>\n

Non-renouvellement de l\u2019accord<\/h2>\n

Depuis 2014, l\u2019UE et le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal entretiennent un partenariat dans le secteur de la p\u00eache, renouvel\u00e9 en 2019 pour cinq ans. Ce protocole permet \u00e0 une flotte europ\u00e9enne compos\u00e9e de navires espagnols et fran\u00e7ais de p\u00eacher dans les eaux s\u00e9n\u00e9galais, en contrepartie d\u2019une contribution financi\u00e8re au budget du pays. Entre 2019 et 2024, cette coop\u00e9ration g\u00e9n\u00e8re 8,5 millions EUR pour l\u2019\u00c9tat s\u00e9n\u00e9galais. Une partie significative visant \u00e0 soutenir le d\u00e9veloppement du secteur halieutique et des projets li\u00e9s \u00e0 la conservation des ressources.<\/p>\n

Cependant, la Commission europ\u00e9enne met en lumi\u00e8re des insuffisances dans la lutte contre la p\u00eache INN au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal. En mai 2024, le pays est pr\u00e9-identifi\u00e9 comme non coop\u00e9rant dans ce domaine. Selon les autorit\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes, ces d\u00e9faillances compromettent les efforts visant \u00e0 garantir une exploitation durable des ressources marines. En cons\u00e9quence, tout renouvellement d\u2019accord reste conditionn\u00e9 \u00e0 des progr\u00e8s concrets dans la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 et le contr\u00f4le des activit\u00e9s de p\u00eache.<\/p>\n

Divergences de narratifs<\/h3>\n

Le gouvernement s\u00e9n\u00e9galais et l\u2019UE se renvoient la responsabilit\u00e9 de cette interruption. L\u2019ambassadeur de l\u2019UE au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, Jean-Marc Pisani, affirme que l’absence de reconduction d\u00e9coule des manquements s\u00e9n\u00e9galais dans la lutte contre la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale. En revanche, plusieurs responsables s\u00e9n\u00e9galais dont le ministre de l’Enseignement sup\u00e9rieur Abdourahmane Diouf affirment que cette d\u00e9cision \u00e9mane du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal lui-m\u00eame. Une initiative visant \u00e0 pr\u00e9server les int\u00e9r\u00eats des p\u00eacheurs locaux.<\/p>\n

Ces d\u00e9clarations contradictoires refl\u00e8tent des tensions sous-jacentes quant \u00e0 l\u2019impact de ces accords sur la durabilit\u00e9 des ressources maritimes et les conditions de vie des communaut\u00e9s c\u00f4ti\u00e8res. Pour Dakar, la pr\u00e9servation des stocks halieutiques constitue une priorit\u00e9 afin de soutenir la p\u00eache artisanale, un secteur vital pour l\u2019\u00e9conomie locale.<\/p>\n

Cons\u00e9quences \u00e9conomiques et sociales<\/h3>\n

La fin de cet accord entra\u00eene plusieurs r\u00e9percussions. Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 europ\u00e9en, une flotte de 18 navires, principalement sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans la p\u00eache au thon tropical et au merlu noir, perd son acc\u00e8s aux eaux s\u00e9n\u00e9galaises. Bien que ces captures repr\u00e9sentent moins de 1 % de la p\u00eache totale au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, elles restent strat\u00e9giques pour les acteurs europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n

Pour le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, l\u2019arr\u00eat des contributions financi\u00e8res issues de cet accord affecte le financement de projets structurants, tels que la construction d\u2019infrastructures de p\u00eache ou les initiatives de recherche scientifique. L\u2019Organisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO) indique que les captures s\u00e9n\u00e9galaises en 2022 s\u2019\u00e9levaient \u00e0 500 000 tonnes. Cependant, cette abondance masque une rar\u00e9faction progressive de certaines esp\u00e8ces, exacerb\u00e9e par la pression exerc\u00e9e par les flottes \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Perspectives pour les p\u00eacheurs locaux<\/h2>\n

Les p\u00eacheurs artisanaux accueillent favorablement la fin de cet accord, esp\u00e9rant une am\u00e9lioration des stocks halieutiques. Des t\u00e9moignages soulignent les difficult\u00e9s rencontr\u00e9es par les p\u00eacheurs locaux face \u00e0 une concurrence accrue et \u00e0 une diminution des prises. L\u2019acc\u00e8s exclusif aux zones de p\u00eache<\/a> pourrait contribuer \u00e0 revitaliser ce secteur cl\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cependant, l\u2019absence de m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e9gulation stricte pourrait aggraver les d\u00e9fis actuels. Une gestion durable des ressources n\u00e9cessite des efforts concert\u00e9s pour surveiller les activit\u00e9s de p\u00eache et renforcer la coop\u00e9ration r\u00e9gionale. Des organisations internationales et des partenaires bilat\u00e9raux peuvent jouer un r\u00f4le crucial dans ce processus.<\/p>\n

Alternatives pour le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal<\/h3>\n

L\u2019interruption de cet accord offre une opportunit\u00e9 au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal de repenser sa strat\u00e9gie de gestion des ressources maritimes. Une meilleure valorisation de la p\u00eache artisanale, qui repr\u00e9sente une part importante des exportations de produits halieutiques, pourrait dynamiser l\u2019\u00e9conomie locale. La promotion d\u2019une p\u00eache durable, soutenue par des investissements dans la surveillance maritime et la recherche scientifique, s\u2019av\u00e8re essentielle.<\/p>\n

Dakar peut \u00e9galement explorer des partenariats avec d\u2019autres acteurs internationaux ou r\u00e9gionaux, tout en veillant \u00e0 pr\u00e9server ses int\u00e9r\u00eats nationaux. La ren\u00e9gociation d\u2019accords, avec des conditions plus favorables aux communaut\u00e9s locales, constitue une piste envisageable.<\/p>\n

Enjeu global pour la durabilit\u00e9<\/h3>\n

La p\u00eache INN constitue un d\u00e9fi global. Les activit\u00e9s ill\u00e9gales compromettent les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins, r\u00e9duisent les revenus des \u00c9tats c\u00f4tiers et fragilisent les moyens de subsistance des communaut\u00e9s locales. La lutte contre ce fl\u00e9au n\u00e9cessite une coop\u00e9ration renforc\u00e9e entre pays, notamment par l\u2019\u00e9change d\u2019informations et l\u2019adoption de technologies avanc\u00e9es pour surveiller les flottes.<\/p>\n

Pour l\u2019UE, la tol\u00e9rance z\u00e9ro envers la p\u00eache INN vise \u00e0 promouvoir une exploitation durable des ressources mondiales. Ce positionnement, bien que rigoureux, envoie un message clair aux partenaires : le respect des normes internationales constitue une condition pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 tout partenariat.<\/p>\n

La suspension de l\u2019accord de p\u00eache entre le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne marque un tournant dans les relations bilat\u00e9rales. Bien qu\u2019elle suscite des d\u00e9fis \u00e9conomiques \u00e0 court terme, cette d\u00e9cision offre une occasion de repenser la gestion des ressources marines. En mettant en place des r\u00e9formes et des m\u00e9canismes adapt\u00e9s, Dakar pourrait transformer cette contrainte en opportunit\u00e9, renfor\u00e7ant ainsi la r\u00e9silience de son secteur halieutique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le protocole de p\u00eache durable entre le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE), conclu pour cinq ans en 2019, prend fin le 17 novembre 2024. L\u2019UE d\u00e9cide\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":84617,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7960],"tags":[],"location":[7975],"class_list":["post-84615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agribusiness-fr","location-afrique-de-louest-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00e9n\u00e9gal - UE : Suspension des accords de p\u00eache<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u00e9n\u00e9gal - UE : Suspension des accords de p\u00eache\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le protocole de p\u00eache durable entre le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE), conclu pour cinq ans en 2019, prend fin le 17 novembre 2024. 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