{"id":84511,"date":"2024-11-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.capmad.com\/energies-vertes-1%e1%b5%89%ca%b3-choix-des-investissements-non-cotes-en-afrique\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T23:00:31","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T20:00:31","slug":"energies-vertes-1%e1%b5%89%ca%b3-choix-des-investissements-non-cotes-en-afrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.capmad.com\/fr\/investissement-fr\/energies-vertes-1%e1%b5%89%ca%b3-choix-des-investissements-non-cotes-en-afrique\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9nergies vertes : 1\u1d49\u02b3 choix des investissements non cot\u00e9s en Afrique"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’Afrique amorce une transformation majeure dans ses choix d’investissements. Selon un r\u00e9cent rapport de la Banque europ\u00e9enne d\u2019investissement (BEI), les \u00e9nergies renouvelables repr\u00e9sentent 37 % des investissements non cot\u00e9s en 2023. Le secteur surpasse pour la premi\u00e8re fois les services financiers, leaders historiques. Cette \u00e9volution illustre une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence croissante pour des actifs verts, consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme strat\u00e9giques pour le d\u00e9veloppement durable et la r\u00e9silience face aux d\u00e9fis climatiques.<\/b><\/p>\n

Contexte favorable \u00e0 la transition \u00e9cologique<\/h2>\n

Face aux effets du changement climatique, les infrastructures vertes se pr\u00e9sentent comme une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 \u00e9cologique et une opportunit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique pour l\u2019Afrique. Une majorit\u00e9 des banques africaines reconnaissent ce potentiel. Selon le rapport de la BEI, pr\u00e8s de 67 % les per\u00e7oivent comme un levier d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s et 79 % fixent des objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques en mati\u00e8re de climat. Cependant, l\u2019int\u00e9gration des risques climatiques dans les activit\u00e9s financi\u00e8res reste limit\u00e9e, notamment dans les secteurs vuln\u00e9rables comme l\u2019agriculture, encore faiblement financ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 cette reconnaissance, les ambitions \u00e9cologiques du continent demeurent inachev\u00e9es. Les financements climatiques couvrent seulement 12 % des besoins annuels, laissant un d\u00e9ficit important pour construire les infrastructures n\u00e9cessaires. De plus, 90 % des ressources proviennent de fonds publics et 99 % d\u2019organismes internationaux, tandis que le secteur priv\u00e9 reste en retrait.<\/p>\n

\u00c9volution des investissements sectoriels<\/h3>\n

Entre 2022 et 2023, les investissements non cot\u00e9s en Afrique chutent de 24 %, passant de 6,5 \u00e0 5 milliards USD. Les services financiers, leaders en 2022 avec 37 % des flux, voient leur part diminuer \u00e0 10 %. Parall\u00e8lement, des secteurs comme l\u2019agroalimentaire triple leur part, atteignant 8 %. Les biens de consommation, l\u2019industrie et les\u00a0 technologies de l\u2019information maintiennent des niveaux stables, oscillant entre 10 % et 13 %.<\/p>\n

Les \u00e9nergies fossiles, autrefois prioritaires, connaissent un d\u00e9clin marqu\u00e9. En 2023, ces ressources non renouvelables repr\u00e9sentent seulement 4 % des investissements, t\u00e9moignant d\u2019un d\u00e9sint\u00e9r\u00eat croissant pour ces solutions. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, les \u00e9nergies vertes s\u00e9duisent par leur durabilit\u00e9 et leur comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique.<\/p>\n

Dynamique r\u00e9gionale des investissements<\/h3>\n

L\u2019Afrique du Sud domine le classement des flux d\u2019investissements non cot\u00e9s, captant 47 % des capitaux en 2023. Ce leadership repose sur des politiques favorables et un cadre r\u00e9glementaire attractif pour les projets verts. Le Kenya, avec 11 %, et la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, \u00e0 7 %, suivent gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur dynamisme et au potentiel des infrastructures vertes. En revanche, le Nigeria voit sa part se mod\u00e9rer \u00e0 6 %, cons\u00e9quence d\u2019un d\u00e9sint\u00e9r\u00eat croissant pour la FinTech, auparavant moteur principal des investissements dans le pays.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

R\u00e9duction des co\u00fbts et comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 accrue<\/h2>\n

La baisse des co\u00fbts de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie verte, permise par des appels d\u2019offres comp\u00e9titifs, renforce l\u2019attrait pour les renouvelables. En Zambie et au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, des projets solaires atteignent des tarifs parmi les plus bas au monde. Ces \u00e9volutions rendent l\u2019\u00e9nergie accessible \u00e0 des prix comp\u00e9titifs, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant directement aux populations locales.<\/p>\n

Pour les gouvernements, les \u00e9nergies renouvelables offrent une double opportunit\u00e9. R\u00e9pondre aux besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques croissants et r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance aux combustibles import\u00e9s, ce qui stabilise \u00e9galement les finances publiques. Ces projets jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans la diversification des sources d\u2019\u00e9nergie tout en favorisant la transition vers un mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique plus durable.<\/p>\n

Obstacles et solutions potentielles<\/h3>\n

Malgr\u00e9 ces progr\u00e8s, plusieurs d\u00e9fis subsistent. L\u2019absence d\u2019une implication significative du secteur priv\u00e9 freine l\u2019essor des infrastructures vertes. Les cadres r\u00e9glementaires, souvent insuffisamment d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, dissuadent certains investisseurs. Les comp\u00e9tences locales dans le domaine des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, encore limit\u00e9es, posent \u00e9galement probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\n

Pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 ces obstacles, des mesures concr\u00e8tes s\u2019imposent. Renforcer les partenariats public-priv\u00e9 permettrait de mobiliser davantage de fonds priv\u00e9s. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cadres r\u00e9glementaires et fiscaux, combin\u00e9e \u00e0 des incitations pour les projets verts, offrirait un environnement plus attractif. Enfin, le d\u00e9veloppement des comp\u00e9tences locales contribuerait \u00e0 maximiser les retomb\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques et sociales des investissements dans les \u00e9nergies renouvelables.<\/p>\n

Perspectives des \u00e9nergies renouvelables africaines<\/h3>\n

L’essor des \u00e9nergies renouvelables en Afrique<\/a> <\/span>repr\u00e9sente une avanc\u00e9e strat\u00e9gique pour le continent. Les progr\u00e8s observ\u00e9s, bien que encourageants, n\u00e9cessitent des efforts continus pour surmonter les d\u00e9fis financiers et structurels. Une transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique efficace exige une participation accrue du secteur priv\u00e9, une coop\u00e9ration internationale renforc\u00e9e et une gestion optimis\u00e9e des ressources disponibles. <\/p>\n

Avec des initiatives cibl\u00e9es et un engagement commun, l’Afrique pourrait non seulement r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ses besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques, mais \u00e9galement s’imposer comme un acteur majeur des \u00e9nergies renouvelables. La dynamique actuelle constitue une occasion unique d’allier d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique, durabilit\u00e9 environnementale et r\u00e9silience face au climat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Afrique amorce une transformation majeure dans ses choix d’investissements. Selon un r\u00e9cent rapport de la Banque europ\u00e9enne d\u2019investissement (BEI), les \u00e9nergies renouvelables repr\u00e9sentent 37 % des\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":84513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7955],"tags":[],"location":[7949],"class_list":["post-84511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investissement-fr","location-afrique-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c9nergies vertes : 1\u1d49\u02b3 choix des investissements non cot\u00e9s en Afrique<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c9nergies vertes : 1\u1d49\u02b3 choix des investissements non cot\u00e9s en Afrique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’Afrique amorce une transformation majeure dans ses choix d’investissements. 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